Federal recognition is important to Indian tribes for several reasons. A tribe is losing reservation status for its more than 300 acres in Massachusetts, raising fears among Native American groups that other tribes could face the … Being denied federal recognition by the Buerau of Indian Affairs is usually the kiss of death, as many petitioning groups have found over the years.. Montana Tribe Navigates New Ground After Federal Recognition A year after the Little Shell Tribe of Chippewa Indians gained federal recognition, the Montana-based tribe has made great strides. “For [the state], it all seems to be based around casinos.”. First, when they are extended federal recognition, they can establish tribal governments that possess a measure of sovereignty. While these casinos are often exempt from federal taxes, Native Americans employed by the casinos must pay federal income taxes on their earnings. However, the easiest and least expensive way to obtain federal recognition is for tribes to enter a process of Congressional legislation. This decision does not affect the federal recognition status of the Tribe, only Interior’s statutory authority to … The list is updated from the notice published on February 1, 2019 (84 FR 1200). Department of the Interior seal Illustration Credit. In 2005, a Government Accountability Office report indicated that the “tribal recognition process was ill-equipped to provide timely responses to tribal petitions for federal recognition,” and it recommended an overhaul. Letter of Intent to Petition 10/05/1994 for Federal Recognition. Non-Acknowledged Tribes are tribes which have no federal designation as sovereign entities. State tribal recognition for the states below specifically refers to states that have created a formal process for recognition. However, the easiest and least expensive way to obtain federal recognition is for tribes to enter a process of Congressional legislation. And it’s unclear whether the third-party veto will make its way into the final rule change. Wahpekute Indians live mainly at Lake Traverse Reservation and Santee Reservation which are lost causes. They did not participate in 1862's Minnesota's Indian War. The list also includes Indian tribes or groups that are recognized by the states, when the state has established such authority. While some state-recognized tribes have petitioned unsuccessfully for federal recognition only the Virginian Palmunky tribe has been successful. You consent to the use of cookies if you use this website. Please note, some states, even if they have not established a formal process for recognition acknowledge the historical and cultural contribution of tribes, however they are not captured in this list. The federal government recognizes 566 tribal governments within the United States. Federal recognition doesn’t guarantee that these tribes will live on a reservation.”If a state-recognized tribe receives federal recognition, it would have to undergo an additional application process,” explains Darling. Wahpekute Indians (wakhpe, leaf; kute, to shoot: shooters in the leaves’).One of the 7 primary divisions of the Dakota. Although 565 tribes are formally recognized by the federal government, more than 200 are not. “The Mashpee Wampanoag Tribe remains a federally recognized Tribe. Today, Ron Allen is the tribal chairman and CEO of the Jamestown S’Klallam Tribe. There are two federally recognized tribes within Connecticut–the Mashantucket Pequot and the Mohegan Indian Tribe. But that didn’t go uncontested by the state: During his stint as Connecticut’s attorney general, now-Senator Richard Blumenthal fervently opposed federal recognition for both. Under Washburn’s proposal, tribes that have been state-recognized since at least 1934 would be eligible to petition for federal recognition. For example, four federal agencies—the U.S. departments of Housing and Urban Development, Labor, Education, and Health and Human Services—have the statutory and regulatory authority … The petitioner has maintained political influence […] The Bureau of Indian Affairs presides over federal recognition cases. Without federal recognition or federal funding, “the tribe scrapes by on donations, bake sales and raffles,” said Vrooman. First, when they are extended federal recognition, they can establish tribal governments that possess a measure of sovereignty. Federal recognition is important to Indian tribes for several reasons. The Bureau of Indian Affairs has proposed an overhaul of the broken federal recognition process. The process is a long one–as Nedra Darling, spokeswoman for Office of the Assistant Secretary for Indian Affairs points out, it can often take decades. Since that time, the Lumbee have petitioned the federal government several times regarding issues of education and federal recognition. In a 195-page request for the Department of the Interior to reconsider its recognition of the Schaghticoke in 2005, Blumenthal wrote, “there was no Schaghticoke Tribe when colonists settled the area.” He did this despite the fact that Connecticut recognized and established a reservation for the tribe in 1736. The federal Indian trust responsibility is a legal obligation under which the United States “has charged itself with moral obligations of the highest responsibility and trust” toward Indian tribes (Seminole Nation v.United States, 1942).This obligation was first discussed by Chief Justice John Marshall in Cherokee Nation v.Georgia (1831). This website uses cookies to analyze traffic and for other purposes. Flags of Wisconsin tribes in the Wisconsin state capitol. Twenty-three states have their own system for recognition. For Native American tribes, federal recognition creates nation-to-nation relationships with the federal government that acknowledge their self-determination and tribal sovereignty. 19. Connecticut has become ground zero for conflict between tribes seeking federal recognition and lawmakers who say this status would diminish local and state tax revenues, lead to land claims and expand Indian gaming. According to the 1855 Treaty of Point Elliot, the Duwamish is entitled to recognition. A predominant portion of the petitioning group comprises a distinct community. The state recognizes the Eastern Pequot Tribal Nation, the True Golden Hill Paugussett Indian Nation and the Schaghticoke Tribal Nation. oversight hearing on federal acknowledgement: political and legal. This summer all seven lawmakers objected to the final draft during Indian Affairs’ public comment period. They underwent a rigorous, 23-year process and were finally federally recognized in 2004. Under Washburn’s proposal, tribes that have been state-recognized since at least 1934 would be eligible to petition for federal recognition. Tribes that have been acknowledged by the federal government are also usually recognized by the states in which they reside and are therefore also technically "state-recognized." Just a year later, their recognition was taken away. According to the BIA, since 2010, 10 Native American tribes have gained federal recognition. That’s what worries some lawmakers. In general, these tribes are also exempt from local and state taxes; free of many state laws; and allowed to pursue big gaming such as high-stakes bingo, slots and casinos. Critics in California and Connecticut have expressed concerns that they will lose some of their tax base, and that new casinos will bring in traffic that wears on state infrastructure and roads. These gaming operations are typically owned and operated by their tribes, which do not have to pay federal or state income tax on their revenues, including those generated by gaming. Since 1978, when the federal acknowledgement process was first created, 87 tribes have petitioned for recognition. Since 1978, when the federal acknowledgement process was first created, 87 tribes have petitioned for recognition. This is a list of federally recognized tribes in the contiguous United States of America.There are also federally recognized Alaska Native tribes.As of 19 February 2020, 574 Indian tribes were legally recognized by the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) of the United States. Colorlines is a daily news site where race matters, featuring award-winning in-depth reporting, news analysis, opinion and curation. Just one year later, the Little Shell Tribe has made great strides. In order to minimize confusion, in this Article we refer to tribes that have not earned federal recognition-only state “Larry is well-meaning but very confused,” said Steven Peters, the Mashpee Tribe’s spokesman. The following state-by-state listing of Indian tribes or groups are federally recognized and eligible for funding and services from the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), there are currently 574 federally recognized tribes. At this point, the proposed changes are just that–proposals. It took nearly a decade for the tribe to open the Snoqualmie Casino, which likely will help fund Snoqualmie tribal … Mille Lacs Ojibway's stayed out of that conflict. Non-recognized tribes can form tribal organizations but lack sovereign powers. With the tribe’s rich history and a membership of nearly 600, Hansen says it makes little sense for the U.S. government to maintain that the Duwamish have gone extinct. “It [has been] a long and brutal path,” says Velky. No. The Tribe was recognized by the State of North Carolina in 1885 and has sought federal recognition since 1888. American Indian tribal recognition in the United States most often refers to the process of a tribe being recognized by the United States federal government, or to a person being granted membership to a federally recognized tribe. Connecticut’s congressional delegation, which is made up of two senators and five representatives (all Democrats), opposed an early discussion draft of Washburn’s proposed changes in 2013. The Tribe was recognized by the State of North Carolina in 1885 and has sought federal recognition since 1888. relationship between governments. The current policy requires tribes to prove that they’ve had “continuous political authority and community” since 1789 and that “an external entity” has identified the group as Indian since 1900. However, federally recognized tribes enjoy certain exemptions from excise tax, and have other benefits much like state governments under IRC section 7871 PDF.In order to utilize these benefits, an Employer Identification Number (EIN) may be required. Colorlines is published by Race Forward, a national organization that advances racial justice through research, media and practice. Federal contracts worth an additional $273 million have gone to two companies run by a member of a different Native American group in Alabama with no federal recognition as a tribe. We are the nation's most respected bipartisan organization providing states support, ideas, connections and a strong voice on Capitol Hill. testimony. On March 19th, the court of appeals issued its mandate, which requires Interior to rescind its earlier decision. State recognition attempted for the tribe with the introduction of State of Rhode Island House Bill 2006--H 7236, but the bill was never passed. State-recognized Indian tribes are not federally recognized; however, federally recognized tribes may also be state-recognized. The Mattakeeset Tribe currently has a few hundred members, according to Fisher, but does not have federal recognition or a land base like the Mashpee Tribe, which was federally recognized in … “[Blumenthal] never ever called us in and sat down and said, ‘Look, let’s discuss this,’” says Velky. The Snoqualmies gained federal recognition in 1999. The Lumbees have sought federal recognition, a legal status, since 1888. This past May, Indian Affairs assistant secretary Kevin Washburn issued a proposal outlining changes. Non-recognized tribes can form tribal organizations but lack sovereign powers. But the current federal acknowledgement process is badly broken, taking over 30 years to consider some applications. Denver, CO 80230 Richard Sneed, the Principal Chief … The Mattakeeset Tribe currently has a few hundred members, according to Fisher, but does not have federal recognition or a land base like the Mashpee Tribe, which was federally recognized in 2007 and has roughly 3,000-members. In order for the United States government to recognize a Native American tribe, the tribe (or group of Native Americans) must meet the following seven requirements: The petitioner has been identified as an American Indian entity since 1900. In that petition, the Lumbee requested educational assistance from the federal government but was denied. For more information on federally recognized tribes, click here. Tribes from across the Puget Sound alongside the Duwamish exchanged 84 square miles of land for hunting and fishing rights and a reservation. united states department of the interior. Today he is pleased to announce that we have indeed reached a milestone in our effort towards full Federal Recognition. Being denied federal recognition by the Buerau of Indian Affairs is usually the kiss of death, as many petitioning groups have found over the years.. The Lumbee tribe of North Carolina have been fighting for Federal recognition since 1956.The tribe have supporters such as U.S Representative Mike McIntyre, Senator Elizabeth Dole and Senator Richard Burr in Congress but there are many Congressmen who are against federal recognition, stating they there is no real evidence documented about the existence of the Lumbees. office of the assistant secretary for indian affairs. Decades-long waits were common under the old rule, in part because petitioning tribes were required to meet seven different criteria, including proof of continuous existence as a distinct … According to the BIA, since 2010, 10 Native American tribes have gained federal recognition. The changes could also mean that these nations might have an opening for federal litigation. Public comments on the proposal were supposed to close on August 1, but extension requests were so overwhelming that the deadline was stretched to September 30. In a letter rejecting Washburn’s May 2014 proposal, Connecticut lawmakers suggested their own language that would allow tribes that have been denied federal recognition to reapply for it but give third parties–such as the state lawmakers themselves–veto power over the Bureau of Indian Affairs. 7700 East First Place Second, federally recognized tribes can have their reservation lands placed in trust. Today 55 tribes in California lack federal recognition, more than 20 percent of non-recognized tribes nationwide, according to … On December 22, 2016, the United States Department of the Interior reversed its long-held position that the 1956 Lumbee Act both terminated our existing rights, benefits, and privileges and prohibited the application of future legislation to us as an Indian tribe. The Lumbee Tribe has been pursuing federal recognition since 1888. North Carolina formally recognized the tribe in 1885, and 3 years later, in 1888, the tribe began its quest for Federal recognition. From there, the tribe must meet all the requirements of the BIA, including proof of descending from a historic tribe. “This hurts the elders the most,” he says, explaining that he’s deeply disappointed that the Schaghticoke have lost about 65 people since they started the federal recognition process more than three decades ago. Native Village of Afognak (formerly the Village of Afognak), Arctic Village (See Native Village of Venetie Tribal Government), Native Village of Barrow Inupiat Traditional Government, Cheesh-Na Tribe (formerly the Native Village of Chistochina), Chignik Bay Tribal Council (formerly the Native Village of Chignik), Native Village of Chuathbaluk (Russian Mission, Kuskokwim), Organized Village of Grayling (aka Holikachuk), Iqurmuit Traditional Council (formerly the Native Village of Russian Mission), Kasigluk Traditional Elders Council (formerly the Native Village of Kasigluk), Native Village of Kluti Kaah (aka Copper Center), Native Village of Kwinhagak (aka Quinhagak), Native Village of Marshall (aka Fortuna Ledge), Metlakatla Indian Community, Annette Island Reserve, Native Village of Nanwalek (aka English Bay), Nunakauyarmiut Tribe (formerly the Native Village of Toksook Bay), Native Village of Nunam Iqua (formerly the Native Village of Sheldon's Point), Orutsararmuit Native Village (aka Bethel), Pribilof Islands Aleut Communities of St. Paul & St. George Islands, Qagan Tayagungin Tribe of Sand Point Village, Saint George Island (See Pribilof Islands Aleut Communities of St. Paul & St. George Islands), Saint Paul Island (See Pribilof Islands Aleut Communities of St. Paul & St. George Islands), Sun'aq Tribe of Kodiak (formerly the Shoonaq' Tribe of Kodiak), Tangirnaq Native Village (formerly Lesnoi Village), Central Council of the Tlingit & Haida Indian Tribes, Village of Venetie (See Native Village of Venetie Tribal Government), Native Village of Venetie Tribal Government (Arctic Village and Village of Venetie), Ak Chin Indian Community of the Maricopa (Ak Chin) Indian Reservation, Colorado River Indian Tribes of the Colorado River Indian Reservation (Arizona and California), Fort Mojave Indian Tribe (Arizona, California and Nevada), Gila River Indian Community of the Gila River Indian Reservation, Havasupai Tribe of the Havasupai Reservation, Hualapai Indian Tribe of the Hualapai Indian Reservation, Kaibab Band of Paiute Indians of the Kaibab Indian Reservation, Navajo Nation (Arizona, New Mexico and Utah), Quechan Tribe of the Fort Yuma Indian Reservation (Arizona and California), Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community of the Salt River Reservation, San Carlos Apache Tribe of the San Carlos Reservation, San Juan Southern Paiute Tribe of Arizona, White Mountain Apache Tribe of the Fort Apache Reservation, Yavapai-Apache Nation of the Camp Verde Indian Reservation, Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians of the Agua Caliente Indian Reservation, Bear River Band of the Rohnerville Rancheria, Berry Creek Rancheria of Maidu Indians of California, Big Pine Band Paiute Tribe of the Owens Valley, Big Sandy Rancheria of Western Mono Indians of California, Big Valley Band of Pomo Indians of the Big Valley Rancheria, Bishop Pauite Tribe (previously listed as Paiute-Shoshone Indians of the Bishop Community of the Bishop Colony), Buena Vista Rancheria of Me-Wuk Indians of California, Cachil DeHe Band of Wintun Indians of the Colusa Indian Community of the Colusa Rancheria, Cahuilla Band of Mission Indians of the Cahuilla Reservation, Cahto Indian Tribe of the Laytonville Rancheria, Campo Band of Diegueño Mission Indians of the Campo Indian Reservation, Capitan Grande Band of Diegueño Mission Indians of California:Barona Group of Capitan Grande Band of Mission Indians of the Barona Reservation; Viejas (Baron Long) Group of Capitan Grande Band of Mission Indians of the Viejas Reservation, Chemehuevi Indian Tribe of the Chemehuevi Reservation, Cher-Ae Heights Indian Community of the Trinidad Rancheria, Chicken Ranch Rancheria of Me-Wuk Indians of California, Cloverdale Rancheria of Pomo Indians of California, Cold Springs Rancheria of Mono Indians of California, Cortina Indian Rancheria of Wintun Indians of California, Coyote Valley Band of Pomo Indians of California, Elem Indian Colony of Pomo Indians of the Sulphur Bank Rancheria, Enterprise Rancheria of Maidu Indians of California, Fort Bidwell Indian Community of the Fort Bidwell Reservation of California, Fort Independence Indian Community of Paiute Indians of the Fort Independence Reservation, Grindstone Indian Rancheria of Wintun-Wailaki Indians of California, Inaja Band of Diegueño Mission Indians of the Inaja and Cosmit Reservation, Kashia Band of Pomo Indians of the Stewart’s Point Rancheria, La Posta Band of Diegueño Mission Indians of the La Posta Indian Reservation, Los Coyotes Band of Cahuilla & Cupeno Indians, Manchester Band of Pomo Indians of the Manchester Rancheria, Manzanita Band of Diegueño Mission Indians of the Manzanita Reservation, Mechoopda Indian Tribe of Chico Rancheria, Mesa Grande Band of Diegueño Mission Indians of the Mesa Grande Reservation, Middletown Rancheria of Pomo Indians of California, Mooretown Rancheria of Maidu Indians of California, Northfork Rancheria of Mono Indians of California, Pala Band of Luiseño Mission Indians of the Pala Reservation, Paskenta Band of Nomlaki Indians of California, Pauma Band of Luiseño Mission Indians of the Pauma & Yuima Reservation, Pechanga Band of Luiseño Mission Indians of the Pechanga Reservation, Picayune Rancheria of Chukchansi Indians of California, Pinoleville Pomo Nation (formerly the Pinoleville Rancheria of Pomo Indians of California), Pit River Tribe (includes XL Ranch, Big Bend, Likely, Lookout, Montgomery Creek and Roaring Creek Rancherias), Potter Valley Tribe (formerly the Potter Valley Rancheria of Pomo Indians of California), Quartz Valley Indian Community of the Quartz Valley Reservation of California, Redwood Valley or Little River Band of Pomo Indians of the Redwood Valley Rancheria California, Rincon Band of Luiseño Mission Indians of the Rincon Reservation, Round Valley Indian Tribes, Round Valley Reservation, San Manual Band of Serrano Mission Indians of the San Maual Reservation, San Pasqual Band of Diegueño Mission Indians of California, Santa Rosa Indian Community of the Santa Rosa Rancheria, Santa Rosa Band of Cahuilla Indians (formerly the Santa Rosa Band of Cahuilla Mission Indians of the Santa Rosa Reservation), Santa Ynez Band of Chumash Mission Indians of the Santa Ynez Reservation, Lipay Nation of Santa Ysabel (Previously listed as the Santa Ysabel Band of Diegueño Mission Indians of the Santa Ysabel Reservation), Scotts Valley Band of Pomo Indians of California, Sherwood Valley Rancheria of Pomo Indians of California, Shingle Springs Band of Miwok Indians, Shingle Springs Rancheria (Verona Tract), Sycuan Band of the Kumeyaay Nation (formerly the Sycuan Band of Diegueno Mission Indians of California), Tule River Indian Tribe of the Tule River Reservation, Tuolumne Band of Me-Wuk Indians of the Tuolumne Rancheria of California, Twenty-Nine Palms Band of Mission Indians of California, United Auburn Indian Community of the Auburn Rancheria of California, Utu Utu Gwaitu Paiute Tribe of the Benton Paiute Reservation, Washoe Tribe (Carson Colony, Dresslerville Colony, Woodfords Community, Stewart Community and Washoe Ranches) (California and Nevada), Wiyot Tribe (formerly the Table Bluff Reservation-Wiyot Tribe), Southern Ute Indian Tribe of the Southern Ute Reservation, Ute Mountain Tribe of the Ute Mountain Reservation (Colorado, New Mexico and Utah), Seminole Tribe of Florida (Dania, Big Cypress, Brighton, Hollywood and Tampa Reservations), Shoshone-Bannock Tribes of the Fort Hall Reservation of Idaho, Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians (Michigan and Indiana), Sac & Fox Tribe of the Mississippi in Iowa, Kickapoo Tribe of Indians of the Kickapoo Reservation in Kansas, Sac & Fox Nation of Missouri (Kansas and Nebraska), Wampanoag Tribe of Gay Head (Aquinnah) of Massachusetts, Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians, Nottawaseppi Huron Band of the Potawatomi, Lac Vieux Desert Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians of Michigan, Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians, Match-e-be-nash-she-wish Band of Pottawatomi Indians of Michigan, Saginaw Chippewa Indian Tribe of Michigan, Sault Ste. The Little Shell Tribe celebrated their federal recognition on Jan. 25, 2020. Federal contracts worth an additional $273 million have gone to two companies run by a member of a different Native American group in Alabama with no federal recognition as a tribe. Tribes that have been acknowledged by the federal government are also usually recognized by the states in which they reside and are therefore also technically "state-recognized." The state afforded the tribe recognition in 2000. In that petition, the Lumbee requested educational assistance from the federal government but was denied. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians of Michigan, Lower Sioux Indian Community in the State of Minnesota, Minnesota Chippewa Tribe (Six component reservations: Bois Forte Band (Nett Lake);Fond du Lac Band; Grand Portage Band; Leech Lake Band; Mille Lacs Ban; White Earth Band), Prairie Island Indian Community in the State of Minnesota, Shakopee Mdewakanton Sioux Community of Minnesota, Assiniboine and Sioux Tribes of the Fort Peck Indian Reservation, Blackfeet Tribe of the Blackfeet Indian Reservation of Montana, Chippewa-Cree Indians of the Rocky Boy's Reservation, Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes of the Flathead Reservation, Fort Belknap Indian Community of the Fort Belknap Reservation of Montana, Northern Cheyenne Tribe of the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation, Confederated Tribes of the Goshute Reservation (Nevada and Utah), Duckwater Shoshone Tribe of the Duckwater Reservation, Fort McDermitt Paiute and Shoshone Tribes of the Fort McDermitt Indian Reservation (Nevada and Oregon), Las Vegas Tribe of Paiute Indians of the Las Vegas Indian Colony, Lovelock Paiute Tribe of the Lovelock Indian Colony, Moapa Band of Paiute Indians of the Moapa River Indian Reservation, Paiute-Shoshone Tribe of the Fallon Reservation and Colony, Pyramid Lake Paiute Tribe of the Pyramid Lake Reservation, Shoshone-Paiute Tribes of the Duck Valley Reservation, Te-Moak Tribe of Western Shoshone Indians of Nevada (Four constituent bands: Battle Mountain Band; Elko Band; South Fork Band; Wells Band), Walker River Paiute Tribe of the Walker River Reservation, Washoe Tribe (Nevada and California) (Carson Colony, Dresslerville Colony, Woodfords Community, Stewart Community and Washoe Ranches), Yerington Paiute Tribe of the Yerington Colony & Campbell Ranch, Yomba Shoshone Tribe of the Yomba Reservation, Mescalero Apache Tribe of the Mescalero Reservation, Ohkay Owingeh (formerly the Pueblo of San Juan), Saint Regis Mohawk Tribe (formerly the St. Regis Band of Mohawk Indians of New York), Standing Rock Sioux Tribe (North Dakota and South Dakota), Three Affiliated Tribes of the Fort Berthold Reservation, Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians of North Dakota, United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians in Oklahoma, Wichita and Affiliated Tribes (Wichita, Keechi, Waco and Tawakonie), Confederated Tribes of the Coos, Lower Umpqua and Siuslaw Indians of Oregon, Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon, Confederated Tribes of the Siletz Reservation, Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation, Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation of Oregon, Cow Creek Band of Umpqua Tribe of Indians, Catawba Indian Nation (Catawba Tribe of South Carolina), Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe of the Cheyenne River Reservation, Crow Creek Sioux Tribe of the Crow Creek Reservation, Flandreau Santee Sioux Tribe of South Dakota, Lower Brule Sioux Tribe of the Lower Brule Reservation, Rosebud Sioux Tribe of the Rosebud Indian Reservation, Sisseton-Wahpeton Oyate of the Lake Traverse Reservation, Paiute Indian Tribe of Utah (Cedar Band of Paiutes, Kanosh Band of Paiutes,Koosharem Band of Paiutes, Indian Peaks Band of Paiutes, and Shivwits Band of Paiutes), Skull Valley Band of Goshute Indians of Utah, Ute Indian Tribe of the Uintah and Ouray Reservation, Ute Mountain Ute Tribe (Colorado, New Mexico and Utah), Chickahominy Indian Tribe-Eastern Division, Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation, Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation, Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Nation, Kalispel Indian Community of the Kalispel Reservation, Makah Indian Tribe of the Makah Indian Reservation, Puyallup Tribe of the Puyallup Reservation, Quileute Tribe of the Quileute Reservation, Shoalwater Bay IndianTribe of the Shoalwater Bay Indian Reservation, Squaxin Island Tribe of the Squaxin Island Reservation, Stillaguamish Tribe of Indians of Washington, Suquamish Indian Tribe of the Port Madison Reservation, Bad River Band of the Lake Superior Tribe of Chippewa Indians of the Bad River Reservation, Lac Courte Oreilles Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians of Wisconsin, Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians of the Lac du Flambeau Reservation of Wisconsin, Red Cliff Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians of Wisconsin, Arapaho Tribe of the Wind River Reservation, Shoshone Tribe of the Wind River Reservation, Ma-Chis Lower Creek Indian Tribe of Alabama, Biloxi-Chitimacha Confederation of Muskogee, Four Winds Tribe Louisiana Cherokee Confederacy, Edisto Natchez Kusso Tribe of South Carolina, Pee Dee Indian Nation of Upper South Carolina, Nulhegan Band of the Coosuk Abenaki Nation, Federalism and the State Recognition of Native American Tribes: A Survey of State-Recognized Tribes and State Recognition Processes Across the United States; Santa Clara Law Review, Volume 48 (2007); by Alexa Koenig and Jonathan Stein. As such, the tribes can now create their own laws, collect taxes and manage their lands. Below is a list of Dakota or Sioux Reservations and Reserves including those of Wahpekute Indians, in Canada and United States. Wahpekute Indians live mainly at Lake Traverse Reservation and Santee Reservation which are lost causes. Despite its numerous letters and requests to Indian Affairs, Velky says he’s surprised that Blumenthal and the state of Connecticut hasn’t contacted the Schaghticoke themselves.
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